4-nitrotoluene; p-nitrotoluene
Ulwazi Oluyisisekelo:
Igama lesiNgisi:4-Nitrotoluene;
Inombolo ye-CAS: 99-99-0
Ifomula yemolekyuli: C7H7NO2
Isisindo se-molecule: 137.14
Inombolo ye-EINECS: 202-808-0
Ifomula yesakhiwo:
Izigaba ezihlobene: Izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali e-organic; I-Nitro compounds; Isibulala-zinambuzane siphakathi nendawo.
Iphuzu elincibilikayo: 52-54 °C (lit.)
Indawo yokubilisa: 238 °C (lit.)
Ukuminyana: 1.392 g/mL ku-25 °C (lit.)
Inkomba ye-Refractive: n20/D 1.5382
Iphoyinti elikhanyayo: 223 °F
I-Solubility: ayincibiliki emanzini, i-ethanol, i-ether ne-benzene.
Izakhiwo: Ikristalu ye-rhombic ene-hexagonal ephuzi ngokukhanyayo.
Ukucindezela komhwamuko: 5 mm Hg (85 °C)
| Sukucaciswa | Unithi | Sejwayelekile |
| Ukubukeka | Okuqinile okuphuzi | |
| Okuqukethwe okuyinhloko | % | ≥99.0% |
| Umswakama | % | ≤0.1 |
Kuyinto ebalulekile yamakhemikhali aluhlaza, ikakhulukazi asetshenziswa njengendawo ephakathi yesibulala-zinambuzane, udayi, umuthi, ipulasitiki kanye nama-synthetic fiber auxiliaries. Njenge-herbicide chloromyron, njll., ingakwazi futhi ukukhiqiza i-p-toluidine, i-p-nitrobenzoic acid, i-p-nitrotoluene sulfonic acid, i-2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene, i-2-nitro-4-methylaniline, i-dinitrotoluene nokunye.
Indlela yokulungiselela ukufaka i-toluene ku-reactor ye-nitrification, uyipholise ibe ngaphansi kuka-25 ℃, engeza i-asidi exubile (i-nitric acid 25% ~ 30%, i-sulfuric acid 55% ~ 58% namanzi 20% ~ 21%), izinga lokushisa. liyakhuphuka, lungisa izinga lokushisa lingeqi ku-50 ℃, qhubeka ugovuze amahora angu-1 ~ 2 ukuze uqede ukusabela, ume i-6h, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-nitrobenzene okukhiqizwa, ukugeza, ukugeza kwe-alkali, njalonjalo. I-Chemicalbook crude nitrotoluene iqukethe i-o-nitrotoluene, i-p-nitrotoluene ne-m-nitrotoluene. I-nitrotoluene engahluziwe igaywa ku-vacuum, iningi le-o-nitrotoluene liyahlukaniswa, ingxenye esele equkethe i-p-nitrotoluene eningi ihlukaniswa yi-vacuum distillation, kanti i-p-nitrotoluene itholakala ngokupholisa kanye necrystallization, futhi i-meta-nitrobenzene iyatholakala. ngokucwiliswa kwe-distillation ngemuva kokunqwabelana kotshwala kamama ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwephara.
isigubhu sikathayela 200kg/isigubhu; Ukupakisha ngokuvumelana nezidingo zekhasimende. Kuphole futhi kungene umoya, kude nomlilo, umthombo wokushisa, kuvimbela ukukhanya kwelanga, gwema ukukhanya.
