4-nitrotoluene; p-nitrotoluene
Zambiri Zoyambira:
Dzina lachingerezi:4-Nitrotoluene;
Nambala ya CAS: 99-99-0
Fomula ya maselo: C7H7NO2
Molecular kulemera: 137.14
Nambala ya EINECS: 202-808-0
Zomangamanga:
Zogwirizana ndi: Organic mankhwala zopangira; Nitro mankhwala; Mankhwala apakati.
Malo osungunuka: 52-54 °C (lit.)
Malo owira: 238 °C (lit.)
Kachulukidwe: 1.392 g/mL pa 25 °C (lit.)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.5382
Pothirira: 223 °F
Kusungunuka: kusungunuka m'madzi, kusungunuka mu ethanol, ether ndi benzene.
Katundu: Mwala wonyezimira wachikasu wa rhombic hexagonal.
Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi: 5 mm Hg (85 °C)
| Stanthauzo | Unit | Swamba |
| Maonekedwe | Yellow olimba | |
| Zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri | % | ≥99.0% |
| Chinyezi | % | ≤0.1 |
Ndi mankhwala ofunikira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo, utoto, mankhwala, pulasitiki ndi zida zopangira fiber. Monga herbicide chloromyron, etc., amatha kupanga p-toluidine, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrotoluene sulfonic acid, 2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene, 2-nitro-4-methylaniline, dinitrotoluene ndi zina zotero.
Njira yokonzekera ndikuwonjezera toluene ku riyakitala ya nitrification, kuziziritsa mpaka 25 ℃, kuwonjezera asidi osakanikirana (asidi ya nitric 25% ~ 30%, sulfuric acid 55% ~ 58% ndi madzi 20% ~ 21%), kutentha. limatuluka, sinthani kutentha kuti musapitirire 50 ℃, pitirizani kusonkhezera kwa maola 1 ~ 2 kuti muthe kuyankha, kuyimirira 6h, kulekana kwa nitrobenzene, kutsuka, kutsuka kwa alkali, ndi zina zotero. Chemicalbook crude nitrotoluene ili ndi o-nitrotoluene, p-nitrotoluene ndi m-nitrotoluene. Nitrotoluene yaiwisi imayikidwa mu vacuum, o-nitrotoluene yambiri imalekanitsidwa, gawo lotsalira lomwe lili ndi p-nitrotoluene yambiri limalekanitsidwa ndi vacuum distillation, ndipo p-nitrotoluene imapezeka mwa kuzizira ndi crystallization, ndipo meta-nitrobenzene imapezeka. ndi distillation pambuyo kudzikundikira mu mowa mayi pa kulekana ndi para.
ng'oma kanasonkhezereka 200kg/ng'oma; Kulongedza malinga ndi zomwe kasitomala akufuna. Kuzizira ndi mpweya wokwanira, kutali ndi moto, gwero la kutentha, kuteteza kuwala kwa dzuwa, kupewa kuwala.
